Lohagad

Lohagad rises to 1,033 metres near the hill station of Lonavala, about 52 kilometres north-west of Pune, and is joined to the neighbouring Visapur fort by a short ridge. Its first construction is credited to a dynasty that ruled the area in the 10th century, and over the centuries it passed through the hands of the Satavahanas, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Yadavas, Bahmanis, Nizams, Mughals and Marathas.

Shivaji took the fort in 1648, gave it up to the Mughals under the Treaty of Purandar in 1665 and won it back in 1670, after which it held his treasury, including spoils from Surat. In Peshwa times Nana Phadnavis lived here for a while and added a large tank and a stepwell. Caves on the south side face Lohagadwadi, and in 2019 trekkers from Pune found a Jain Brahmi inscription in Prakrit there, dated to the 1st or 2nd century BC.